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Poole Harbour is a large natural harbour in Dorset, southern England, with the town of Poole on its shores. The harbour is a drowned valley (ria) formed at the end of the last ice age and is the estuary of several rivers, the largest being the Frome. The harbour has a long history of human settlement stretching to pre-Roman times. The harbour is extremely shallow (average depth: 48 cm), with one main dredged channel through the harbour, from the mouth to Holes Bay.〔(Jersey Poole Ferry website )〕 Poole Harbour has an area of approximately 〔(Poole Harbour Facts ), Poole Harbour Study Group. Retrieved 19 January 2010.〕 and is claimed to be the largest natural harbour in Europe. Contrary to some claims, it is not the largest natural harbour in the world, New Zealand's Kaipara Harbour and San Francisco Bay in California with a conservative estimate of covered are significantly larger. ==History== In 1964 during harbour dredging, the waterlogged remains of a 2000-year-old Iron Age logboat were found off Brownsea Island. Dated at about 295 BC, the Poole Logboat is one of the largest vessels of its type from British waters. The low freeboard would have limited its use to within Poole Harbour. Poole was used by the Romans as an invasion port for the conquest of southern England, who established the settlement at Hamworthy, now the western half of Poole. A Roman Road ran north from Hamworthy to Badbury Rings, a Roman transport hub. At the time of the Norman Conquest, Poole was a small fishing village. The port grew, and in 1433 Poole was made Dorset's Port of the Staple for the export of wool. Medieval Poole had trading links from the Baltics to Italy. In the 17th century the town began trading with North America, in particular Newfoundland, and the town became very wealthy. In the 18th century Poole was the principal British port trading with North America. At the start of the 19th century, 90% of Poole's population's employment was directly dependent on the harbour, but this dropped to 20% during the century as the railways reached the town, and deep-hulled boats moved up the coast to Southampton, which had a deeper harbour and is closer to London. With regular dredging of a channel through the harbour, it has regained some importance. The largest ship to enter the harbour is DFDS/LD Lines 26,500GRT, 186.5 Metre, ''Norman Voyager'' on 15 October 2013, with the second largest being the 29,468GRT, 167 Metre "Armorique" of Brittany Ferries, which arrived in the port for the first time on 2 February 2010. The previous holder of that title was the 24,534GRT, 151 Metre, ''Bretagne'', which arrived in the port for the first time on 27 February 2007. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Poole Harbour」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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